G2E Plant
G2E Biochar
G2E Biochar
Overview
Kinava's Hydrothermal Activation (HTA) technology produces biochar with a high carbon negative effect. It is especially effective for organic waste with a lot of moisture, such as livestock manure, that is otherwise difficult to utilize.
Benefits of the Technology
- Since it is operated at a comparatively low temperature (250℃) without drying, it is possible to produce biochar with higher quality compared to existing hydrothermal carbonization while having economic efficiency compared to competing technologies such as Torrefaction and Pyrolysis. (refer to the table below)
- Since biochar production is possible for various organic wastes alone or mixed, it has a higher carbon negative effect than pyrolysis biochar of existing Woody Biomass. (carbon credit secured)
- Possible to control various feedstock properties and quality by using catalysts under process optimization for each step. (activation, hydrothermal carbonization)
- Since it is based on the existing hydrothermal carbonization process system, it is possible to utilize waste heat generated during process operation, making it easy to reduce energy/operating costs.
- Unlike competing technologies (torrefaction, pyrolysis) performed under an inert gas atmosphere, it is performed under a general air atmosphere.
Target Feedstock
- Livestock Manure (Pig manure, Cow manure, Chicken manure)
- Agricultural by-products
Livestock Manure: Pig Manure, Chicken Manure, Cow Manure, etc.
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Current Technology
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HTA Technology
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Biochar Existing Technology
200~400ºC pyrolysis process
Low fixed carbon content
Low porosity
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Kinava HTA Technology
No drying required, operating at a temperature as low as 210ºC
Less energy and operating costs by utilizing waste heat generated during process operation
Twice or more carbon content
Twice or more pore area
Comparison of Livestock Biochar Quality by Process
| Process | Process Temperature |
Fixed Carbon |
H/C | O/C | SSA (m²/g ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry Only | Less than 150 | 10 ~ 15 | 1.5 ~ 1.7 | 0.4 ~ 0.6 | Less than 0.1 |
| Dry – Pyrolysis | 400 ~ 500 | More than 40 | 0.3 ~ 0.5 | 0.1 ~ 0.3 | More than 15 |
| Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) | 220 ~ 250 | 15 ~ 20 | 1.4 ~ 1.5 | Less than 0.4 | 10 ~ 15 |
| Hydrothermal Activation (HTA) | 220 ~ 250 | More than 40 | Less than 0.7 | Less than 0.4 | More than 15 |
(℃)
(wt.%)
(m²/g )
Dry Only
Less than 150
10 ~ 15
1.5 ~ 1.7
0.4 ~ 0.6
Less than 0.1
Dry – Pyrolysis
400 ~ 500
More than 40
0.3 ~ 0.5
0.1 ~ 0.3
More than 15
Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC)
220 ~ 250
15 ~ 20
1.4 ~ 1.5
Less than 0.4
10 ~ 15
Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC)
220 ~ 250
More than 40
Less than 0.7
Less than 0.4
More than 15